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Index: Symbols and Numbers

\1 and $1 variables

7.3.2.3. Parentheses as memory
7.4.5. Special Read-Only Variables

8.3 filename format : 10.3. Using Pathnames and Filenames

&& operator as control structure : 9.6. &&, ||, and ?: as Control Structures

**= operator : 2.6.1. Binary Assignment Operators

* (asterisk)

** (exponentiation) operator : 2.4.1. Operators for Numbers
as prefix : D.7. Symbol Table Manipulation With *FRED
in pack format string : 16.2. Packing and Unpacking Binary Data
in regular expressions : 7.3.2.2. Multipliers

@ (at sign)

@_ array

1.6.9. Making It a Bit More Modular
8.4. Arguments

as array name prefix : 1.6.5. More than One Secret Word

as format field delimiter : 11.4.1. Text Fields

as prefix for array variables : 3.3. Variables

at sign

@*, in formats : 11.4.3. Multiline Fields

` (backquotes) as command invocation : 14.2. Using Backquotes

\ (backslash) : 10.3. Using Pathnames and Filenames

escape character : 2.3.1. Single-Quoted Strings
escapes : 2.3.2. Double-Quoted Strings
in regular expressions : 7.3.1. Single-Character Patterns

! (bang)

!= operator : 2.4.2. Operators for Strings
logical not operator : 1.6.9. Making It a Bit More Modular

[ (left bracket) in double-quoted strings : 3.7. Variable Interpolation of Arrays

^ (caret)

as anchor in regular expressions : 7.3.3. Anchoring Patterns
as filled-field in formats : 11.4.4. Filled Fields

: (colon)

label suffix : 9.4. Labeled Blocks
matching with split(�) : 7.6.1. The split Function

, (comma)

array literal character : 3.2. Literal Representation
operator : D.4. Other Operators

{} (curly braces)

in double-quoted strings : 2.6.4. Interpolation of Scalars into Strings
in regular expressions : 7.3.2.2. Multipliers
required in if statements : 4.2. The if/unless Statement

$ (dollar sign)

$1 as regular expression memory access : 7.4.5. Special Read-Only Variables

$& (match string) : 7.4.5. Special Read-Only Variables

$` (before-match string) : 7.4.5. Special Read-Only Variables

$^ variable : 11.6.3. Changing the Top-of-Page Format Name

$^I variable : 17.5. Variable-Length ( Text) Databases

$^T variable : 10.6. The -x File Tests

$: variable : 11.4.4. Filled Fields

$= variable : 11.6.5. Changing the Position on the Page

$- variable : 11.6.5. Changing the Position on the Page

$% (special variable), example of : 1.6.14. Listing the Secret Words

$#fred (index of last element of @fred) : 3.4.2. Array Element Access

$' (after-match string) : 7.4.5. Special Read-Only Variables

$/ variable : 6.1. Input from STDIN

$~ variable : 11.6.2. Changing the Format Name

$_ variable

default for file tests : 10.6. The -x File Tests
default for stat(�), lstat(�) : 10.7. The stat Function
foreach statement and : 4.6. The foreach Statement
implicit assignment to when reading : 6.1. Input from STDIN
regular expression matching default : 7.2. Simple Uses of Regular Expressions
selecting other than with =~ operator : 7.4.1. Selecting a Different Target (the =~ Operator)
split(�) default : 7.6.1. The split Function
tr(�) default target : 15.5. Transliteration
unlink(�) default : 13.1. Removing a File

$a variable, as special in sort comparison routine : 15.4. Advanced Sorting

$b variable, as special in sort comparison routine : 15.4. Advanced Sorting

$_[0], distinct from $_ : 8.4. Arguments

removing significance in strings : 2.6.4. Interpolation of Scalars into Strings

scalar variable prefix : 2.5. Scalar Variables

. (dot)

.. list construction operator : 3.2. Literal Representation
.= operator : 2.6.1. Binary Assignment Operators
in regular expressions : 7.3.1. Single-Character Patterns

= (equal sign)

== operator : 2.4.2. Operators for Strings

=> operator (CGI) : 18.4.5. Fancier Calling Sequences

=~ operator : 7.4.1. Selecting a Different Target (the =~ Operator)

substitution and : 7.5. Substitutions

array assignment operator : 3.4.1. Assignment

assignment operator : 2.6. Scalar Operators and Functions

=~ operator

example of : 1.6.8. Making It Fair for the Rest
tr(�) and : 15.5. Transliteration

> (greater than)

>= (greater than or equal to) operator : 2.4.2. Operators for Strings
greater than operator : 2.4.2. Operators for Strings

- (hyphen)

-= operator : 11.4.2. Numeric Fields
-- operator : 2.6.2. Autoincrement and Autodecrement
in regular expression ranges : 7.3.1. Single-Character Patterns

< (less than)

<=> : (see spaceship (<=>) operator)
<> : (see diamond operator)
<= (less than or equal to) operator : 2.4.2. Operators for Strings
format field character : 11.4.1. Text Fields
less than operator : 2.4.2. Operators for Strings

(�) (parentheses)

array literals and : 3.2. Literal Representation
as memory in regular expressions : 7.3.4. Precedence
chdir(�) and : 12.1. Moving Around the Directory Tree
forcing array context with : 3.4.1. Assignment
keys(�) and : 5.4.1. The keys Function
memory in regular expressions : 7.3.2.3. Parentheses as memory
print(�) and : 6.3.1. Using print for Normal Output
in regular expressions : 7.3.4. Precedence
values(�) and : 5.4.2. The values Function

% (percent sign)

associative array prefix

1.6.6. Giving Each Person a Different Secret Word
5.2. Hash Variables

modulus operator : 2.4.1. Operators for Numbers

+ (plus sign)

+= operator

A.3. Chapter 4, Control Structures
2.6.1. Binary Assignment Operators

++ operator

2.6.2. Autoincrement and Autodecrement
14.1. Using system and exec

open(�) and : 17.4. Fixed-Length Random-Access Databases

in regular expressions : 7.3.2.2. Multipliers

# (pound sign)

comment character : 1.5. Basic Concepts
format field characters : 11.4.2. Numeric Fields

? (question mark) in regular expressions : 7.3.2.2. Multipliers

?: operator, as control structure : 9.6. &&, ||, and ?: as Control Structures

#!/usr/bin/perl line : 1.5. Basic Concepts

/ (slash)

changing regular expressions : 7.4.3. Using a Different Delimiter
choosing alternate to, in substitution : 7.5. Substitutions
regular expression delimiter : 7.2. Simple Uses of Regular Expressions

~ (tilde) in formats : 11.4.4. Filled Fields

| (vertical bar), open(�) and

1.6.12. Warning Someone When Things Go Astray
14.3. Using Processes as Filehandles

| (vertical bar)

format field characters : 11.4.1. Text Fields
in regular expressions : 7.3.2.4. Alternation

|| (logical-or) operator

as control structure : 9.6. &&, ||, and ?: as Control Structures

die(�) and : 10.4. A Slight Diversion: die

example of

A.7. Chapter 8, Functions
15.4. Advanced Sorting

introduced : 1.6.9. Making It a Bit More Modular

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