ࡱ> (*      !"#$%&'`2Objbjss8n /fffffffUUU8 VWdkf|Z@]]]]^yc|djjjjjjj$lh2ohjife^^eejff]]kfffef]f]jfejfffff]pZ mUsffit4k0dkfosf|ofoff,eefeeeeejjfeeedkeeeed1$d1zffffff  .. 5425452, .. ;40H520 -'! ! 740=85 2B>@>5, 4>?>;=5==>5 5:><5=4>20=> 8=8AB5@AB2>< >1@07>20=8O >AA89A:>9 $545@0F88 2 :0G5AB25 CG51=>3> ?>A>18O 4;O ABC45=B>2 2KAH8E CG51=KE 702545=89, >1CG0NI8EAO ?> ?5403>38G5A:8<, ?A8E>;>38G5A:8< 8 M:>;>38G5A:8< =0?@02;5=8O< 8 A?5F80;L=>ABO< >A:20 " >3>A " 2001 # 502/504 20.1 42 5F5=75=BK: .. @CH;8=A:89 (=AB8BCB ?A8E>;>388 ) .. 025@>2 ( >AA89A:0O 0:045<8O =0C:) 5425452 .., ;40H520 .. 42 -:>;>38G5A:>5 A>7=0=85: #G51=>5 ?>A>185. 74. 2B>@>5, 4>?. - .: >3>A, 2001. -384 A. ISBN 5-94010-036-8 0AA<0B@8205BAO M:>;>38G5A:>5 A>7=0=85 :0: >48= 87 206=59H8E M;5<5=B>2 A>7=0=8O 2>>1I5. @54AB02;5=K @07;8G=K5 284K M:>;>38G5A:>3> A>7=0=8O, ?@>F5AA 53> 8AB>@8G5A:>3> @0728B8O, @>;L :>3=8B82=KE ?@>F5AA>2, :>=D;8:BK, 2>7=8:0NI85 2 =5<. ! 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AC<<K B0:8E A2>9AB2 8 ?@87=0:>2, :>B>@K5 >15A?5G820NB A>>1I5AB2C ;N459 2>A?@>872>4AB2> ?@8ACI8E 5<C AB@C:BC@ 8 DC=:F89. -B8 8458 @0745;8;8 8 4@C385 CG5=K5, 2 @57C;LB0B5 G53> ?>4 8E 402;5=85< 1K;> ?@8=OB> @5H5=85 > A>740=88 <564C=0@>4=>9 ?@>3@0<<K '5;>25G5A:85 87<5@5=8O 8 2 1991 3. 2 5=5 ?@>2545=0 :>=D5@5=F8O ?>4 M384>9 !>N70 =0CG=KE >1I5AB2 (ICSU), 0 B0:65 >G5=L ?@54AB028B5;L=0O 2AB@5G0 2 8>-45-0=59@> 2 1992 3. 0 :>=D5@5=F88 2 5=5 1K; ?@8=OB ?@>3@0<<=K9 4>:C<5=B 040G8 =0C:8 4;O >E@0=K A@54K 8 @0728B8O G5;>25G5AB20 =0 ?>@>35 XXI 25:0, 0 2 1992 3. >?C1;8:>20= 4>:;04 8<A:>3> :;C10 0 ?@545;0<8 @>AB0, 345 ?@54AB02;5=K 14 38?>B5B8G5A:8E AF5=0@852 M:>;>38G5A:>3> 1C4CI53> G5;>25G5AB20.  >A=>2C :064>3> AF5=0@8O 1K;0 ?>;>65=0 <>45;L @5AC@A=>3> 8AB>I5=8O (8@-3). 286CI8<8 A8;0<8 @>AB0 2 MB>9 <>45;8 O2;ONBAO G8A;5==>ABL =0A5;5=8O 5<;8 8 :0?8B0; :0: >B@065=85 M:>=><8:8. 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"0:, A 70-E ?> 90-5 3>4K XX 2. =0A5;5=85 5<;8 2>7@>A;> 2 1,48 @070, 0 G8A;> 02B><>18;59 C25;8G8;>AL 2 2,3 @070, C3;O 8 3070 - 2 2,28, M;5:B@8G5AB20 - 2 2,37 @070. =B5@5A=0 ?>4A?C4=0O <KA;L 02B>@>2 > B><, GB> ?>:0 G5;>25G5AB2> A?0A05BAO >B M:>;>38G5A:>9 :0B0AB@>DK B5<, GB> =0A5;5=85 =488, 8B0O, D@8:8 8 4@C38E A;01>@0728BKE AB@0= 2 A8;C M:>=><8G5A:8E ?@8G8= 5I5 =5 2KH;> =0 C@>25=L ?>B@51;5=8O, =0?@8<5@, !(, =3;88 8;8 $@0=F88, 2 ?@>B82=>< A;CG05 C65 A59G0A <8@ 1K 68; 2 CA;>28OE 65AB>G09H53> M:>;>38G5A:>3> :@878A0. 0: @57C;LB0B ?>4>1=>3> 0=B@>?>35==>3> 2>7459AB28O 2>7=8:0NB =5>1@0B8<K5 8;8 B@C4=>>1@0B8<K5 A42838, >1CA;>2;5==K5 87<5=5=85< :;8<0B0, ?>G2K, 2>4K 8 0B<>AD5@K, 45;0NI85 >18B05<CN A@54C <0;>?@83>4=>9 4;O ?@>6820=8O, @57:> AC605BAO 1070 =52>7>1=>2;O5<KE @5AC@A>2, 8 ;81> G5;>25G5AB2> ?>425@3=5BAO 3;>10;L=>9 M:>;>38G5A:>9, 0 B0:65 M:>=><8G5A:>9 :0B0AB@>D5; ;81> ?@>87>945B @57:>5 @0AA;>5=85 =0A5;5=8O 5<;8 =0 1>;L" H8=AB2>, >1@5G5==>5 =0 2K<8@0=85, 8 <5=LH8=AB2>, ;8HL <8=8<0;L=> >15A?5G5==>5 A>E@0=82H8<8AO @5AC@A0<8. 4=0:> C65 ?>A;5 1992 3. 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C<0=8AB8G5A:>5 2>A?8B0=85 M:>;>38G5A:>3> A>7=0=8O 8 53> A>AB02;ONI85 (2 G0A0). #/ " "#  1C;LE0=>20-!;02A:0O .. !B@0B538O 687=8. - .: KA;L, 1991. ;40H520 .. !B@0B538O ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 040?B0F88 2 CA;>28OE =B0@:B84K // $878>;>38O G5;>25:0. 1984. ". 10. ! 1. ;40H520 .. A>15==>AB8 ;8G=>AB=>9 040?B0F88 2 <0;KE 87>;8@>20==KE :>;;5:B820E: 2B>@5D. 48A.... :0=4. ?A8E>;. =0C:. - ., 1984. ;40H520 .. A8E>;>38G5A:0O 040?B0F8O A?5F80;8AB>2 $ : CA;>28O< 45OB5;L=>AB8: 8A. 4-@0 ?A8E>;. =0C:. - ., 1995. =0=L52 ..  ?@>1;5<0E A>2@5<5==>3> G5;>25:>7=0=8O. - .: 0C:0, 1977. =>E8= U.K. G5@:8 ?> D878>;>388 DC=:F8>=0;L=KE A8AB5<. - .: 548F8=0, 1975. =F8D5@>20 ..  48=0<8G5A:>< ?>4E>45 : ?A8E>;>38G5A:><C 87CG5=8N ;8G=>AB8 // A8E>;. 6C@8. 1981. ". 2, ! 2. !. 8-18. 078;52GG ".$. =B8F8?0F8O 2 AB@C:BC@5 459AB28B5;L=>3> A<KA;0 // A8E>;. 6C@=. 1998. ". 19, !3. !. 121-131. 0;8= ..  AB@C:BC@5 8=48284C0;L=>3> A>7=0=8O // A8E>;>38G5A:85 ?@>1;5<K A0<>@53C;OF88 ;8G=>AB8. - !1., 1997. 0B8I55 .!. 2545=85 2 480;5:B8:C B2>@G5AB20. - !1., 1997. 0EB8= .. @>1;5<K ?>MB8:8 >AB>52A:>3>. - ., 1979. 5=C0.. >8 2>A?><8=0=8O. - .: 0C:0, 1980. 5@=5 . 0728B85 /-:>=F5?F88 8 2>A?8B0=85. - .: @>3@5AA, 1996. 5EB5@52 .. >;;5:B82=0O @5D;5:A>;>38O. - 3, 1921. >4@>5 .. A8E>;>38G5A:89 AB@5AA: 0728B85 CG5=8O 8 A>2@5<5==>5 A>AB>O=85 ?@>1;5<K. - ., 1995. @CH;8=A:89 .. @>1;5<0 AC1J5:B0 2 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9 =0C:5 // A8E>;. 6C@=. 1993. ". 14, !6. !. 3-15. 0A8;L52 .., 03><5B--<8@>2 .. >B820F8O 8 :>=B@>;L 70 459AB285<. - ., 1991. 2545=85 2 M@3>=><8:C / >4 @54. ..8=G5=:>. .: !>2. @048>, 1974. 5::5@ .. A8E8G5A:85 ?@>F5AAK. - .: #, 1983. ". 1, 2. 5;8G:>2A:89 .. !>2@5<5==0O :>;;5:B82=0O ?A8E>;>38O. - .: #, 1982. 5@=04A:89 .. $8;>A>DA:85 <KA;8 =0BC@0;8AB0. - .: 0C:0, 1988. 8;N=0A .. A8E>;>38O M<>F8>=0;L=KE O2;5=89. - .: #, 1976. C42>@BA .. -:A?5@8<5=B0;L=0O ?A8E>;>38O. - .: 74-2> 8=>AB@. ;8B., 1950. C=4B . 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A8E>D878>;>38G5A:89 0=0;87 B@C4>2>9 45OB5;L=>AB8. - .: !>2.@048>,1966. 0@0:>2A:89 .., 02;>2 .. 0:>=><5@=>AB8 DC=:F8>=8@>20=8O M@30B8G5A:8E A8AB5<. - .: 048> 8 A2O7L, 1987. 0@0:>2A:89 .., 0@0=>2 .., 5425452 ., 07K3@0520 .. ?KB 8AA;54>20=8O 8=D>@<0F8>==>->1CA;>2;5==>3> M:>;>38G5A:>3> A>7=0=8O CG5=8:>2 AB0@H8E :;0AA>2 A@54=59 H:>;K // $878>;>38O G5;>25:0. 1999. ". 25. 835;L ., >;LD 6. >45;L 3@C??>2>3> ?>2545=8O 2 A8AB5<5 G5;>25:-<0H8=0. - .: 8@, 1973. 8=G5=:> .., 5@38;5A ... $>@<8@>20=85 7@8B5;L=>3> >1@070. - .: #, 1969. 8=G5=:> .. DD5:B 8 8=B5;;5:B 2 >1@07>20=88. - .: "@82>;0, 1995. C10=>2 .. @>H;>5 8 1C4CI55 G5;>25G5AB20 3;070<8 M:>;>30 // 1I5AB2, =0C:8 8 A>2@5<5==>ABL. 1997. ! 3. 70@4 . -<>F88 G5;>25:0. - .: #, 1990. 0?8F0 !.. "5>@8O @>AB0 =0A5;5=8O 5<;8. - .: $", 1997. ;8<>2 .. =48284C0;L=K9 AB8;L 45OB5;L=>AB8 2 7028A8<>AB8 >B B8?>;>38G5A:8E A2>9AB2 =5@2=>9 A8AB5<K. - 070=L: #, 1969. >20;5=:> .. 0AA8>=0@=>ABL :0: ?A8E>;>38G5A:89 D5=><5= // A8E>;>38G5A:85 ?@>1;5<K A0<>@53C;OF88 ;8G=>AB8. - !1.: !#, 1998. K?. 2. >30= .!. C;LBC@0 3>@>40 8 ?CB8 55 87CG5=8O // >@>4 8 :C;LBC@0. - !1., 1992. >=>?:8= .. A8E>;>38G5A:85 <5E0=87<K @53C;OF88 45OB5;L=>AB8. - .: 0C:0, 1980. >=@04 .. 0?04 8 >AB>:. - .: 0C:0, 1972. @K;>2 .. '5;>25: 2 02B><0B8G5A:8E A8AB5<0E C?@02;5=8O. - .: #, 1972. C4@O2F52 ..<8B@852 .. .@848G5A:0O :>=D;8:B>;>38O. - .: 0C:0, 1998. 070@CA . "5>@8O AB@5AA0 8 ?A8E>D878>;>38G5A:85 8AA;54>20=8O // -<>F8>=0;L=K9 AB@5AA. - .: 548F8=0, 1970. 528-@N;L. 5@2>1KB=>5 <KH;5=85. - ., 1930. 5>=BL52.. 5OB5;L=>ABL, A>7=0=85, ;8G=>ABL. - .: >;8B8740B, 1975. 8=G . 1@07 3>@>40. - .: @>3@5AA, 1982. ><>2 .$. '5;>25: 8 B5E=8:0. - .: !>2. @048>, 1966. ><>2 .$. 5B>4>;>38G5A:85 8 B5>@5B8G5A:85 ?@>1;5<K ?A8E>;>388. - .: 0C:0, 1984. 07C@ .., >;4>20=>20 .. 2545=85 2 8=65=5@=CN M:>;>38N. - .: 0C:0, 1989. 0:40C3>;;. 07;8G85 M<>F88 8 GC2AB20//A8E>;>38O M<>F89. - .: #, 1984. 0;:8= .. AB@0O 38?>:A8O // 40?B0F8O G5;>25:0 : M:AB@5<0;L=K< CA;>28O< A@54K. - .: 0C:0, 1979. 0<0@40H28;G .. $>@<K 8 A>45@60=85 <KH;5=8O. - ., 1968. 0A;>C. !0<>0:BC0;870F8O//A8E>;>38O ;8G=>AB8. - .: #, 1982. 0@8HC: .., ;0B>=>2 .., ;>B=8F:0O .. 0?@O65==>ABL 2 ?>;5B5. - .: >5=8740B, 1969. 0@:A ., -=35;LA $. !>G8=5=8O. ". 21. 5425452 .. A8E>;>38G5A:85 @50:F88 G5;>25:0 2 M:AB@5<0;L=KE CA;>28OE//40?B0F8O G5;>25:0 : M:AB@5<0;L=K< CA;>28O< A@54K. - .: 0C:0, 1979. 5425452 .. #AB>9G82>ABL D878>;>38G5A:8E 8 ?A8E>;>38G5A:8E DC=:F89 G5;>25:0 ?@8 459AB288 M:AB@5<0;L=KE D0:B>@>2 A@54K. - .: 0C:0, 1982. 5425452 .. $C=:F8>=0;L=K5 A>AB>O=8O 3>;>2=>3> <>730 G5;>25:0 // 5E0=87<K 45OB5;L=>AB8 <>730. -.: 0C:0, 1988. 5425452 .. -:>;>38G5A:>5 A>7=0=85, 8=48284C0;L=>5 8 :>;;5:B82=>5 // 0B5@80;K :>=D. ?> M:>;. ?A8E>;>388. - .: #, 1998. 5425452 .. -:AB@5<0;L=K5 A>AB>O=8O G5;>25:0 2 ?@>F5AA5 45OB5;L=>AB8 // $878>;>38O B@C4>2>9 45OB5;L=>AB8. - !1.: 0C:0, 1993. 5=45;552 .. 025B=K5 <KA;8. - 8=A:, 1997. 5G=8:>2 .. 40 ;5B 8A:0=8O @0F8>=0;L=>3> <8@>2>77@5=8O. - ., 1913. 8;>H528G .., 0@0A52 .. "5=45=F8O M:>;>38G5A:>3> 5AB5AB2>7=0=8O. - ;0482>AB>::  !!! , 1983. >8A552 .. >AB8=4CAB@80;L=K9 <8@ 8 >AA8O // 5;5=K9 <8@. 1997. ! 29. 51K;8F8= .. 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Common sense and scientific interpretation of human action. The problem of social reality. - N.Y, 1962. Spenser H. The principles of psychology. - N.Y, 1890. V. 1. WieckerA. W. An Introduction to ecological Psychology. Montrey (Ca.): Brooks, 1979.   TOC \o "1-2" ;020 1  PAGEREF _Toc13986192 \h 3    #  PAGEREF _Toc13986193 \h 3 ;020 2  PAGEREF _Toc13986194 \h 16 /"+  " -'!  PAGEREF _Toc13986195 \h 16 !/  PAGEREF _Toc13986196 \h 16 ;020 3  PAGEREF _Toc13986197 \h 25 !" '!   -'!  PAGEREF _Toc13986198 \h 25 !/  PAGEREF _Toc13986199 \h 25 ;020 4  PAGEREF _Toc13986200 \h 37 !!",+ -'!   PAGEREF _Toc13986201 \h 37 ;020 5  PAGEREF _Toc13986202 \h 43 &&  ,  .  PAGEREF _Toc13986203 \h 43 -"  -'! !  PAGEREF _Toc13986204 \h 43 ;020 6  PAGEREF _Toc13986205 \h 54 $"   -'! !/  PAGEREF _Toc13986206 \h 54 ;020 7  PAGEREF _Toc13986207 \h 70 -'! ! - !!"/  /!"  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